biciklizam

za sve ljubitelje ovog lepog i izuzetno teskog sporta

AJ mi objasni koje su njavece trke na svetu i koji se koristi sistem takmicenja? Kako se odredjuje najuspesniji biciklista za godinu itd?

Biciklizam kao sport



Natjecatelj u cestovnom biciklizmu





Danas je biciklizam standardni Olimpijski sport
u nekoliko disciplina. Postoji i određen broj biciklističkih disciplina
koje nisu u olimpijskom programu. Slijedi lista biciklističkih sportova
i disciplina:

• cestovni biciklizam
  
• brdski biciklizam
  
• ciklokros
  
• biciklizam na pisti
  
• trial
  
• artistički biciklizam
  
• ciklobal
  

Tour de France



Izvor: Wikipedija



Skoči na: orijentacija, traži



Tour de France 2006., (20 etapa; 3653,6 km).





Tour de France je godišnje natjecanje u biciklizmu koje se održava kroz cijelu Francusku.
Riječ je o izuzetno napornoj utrci koja od natjecatelja zahtjeva
vrhunsku pripremljenost i svestranost. Etape su duge, a voze se po
stazama različite konfiguracije, sa čestim usponima. Samo osnivanje ove
utrke, kao i prvi dani biciklizma, dapače, bili su mnogo romantičniji.
Smatra se da je osnivač najčuvenije svjetske utrke bio francuz Henry Degrange. Još danas u njegovu čast na svakoj žutoj majci stoje njegovi inicijali H.D. Kao direktoru lista L'auto, a i biciklistu, pala mu je na um ideja da od 1903. godine organizira do tada najveću utrku, Tour de France, u šest etapa i ukupnoj dužini od 2428 kilometara. Ovaj prijedlog prihvaćen je u Europi iako su ga mnogi dočekali skeptično. Francuska tada nije imala ni puteve ni mostove da se prevezu toliki kilometri na dva kotača.
Trka je, međutim, započela 1. srpnja 1903. godine, iz mjesta Non Gerona, a u pravcu Liona,
gdje je trebao biti cilj prve etape. Na startu se pojavilo 60
natjecatelja, više nego što se očekivalo, ali ne treba se ni čuditi jer
je nadmetanje pružalo i druge izazove, kao što je tadašnji nagradni
fond utrke iznosio 20 000 franaka.
Svaki natjecatelj dobivao je po 5 franaka na svaki dan vožnje.
Prepolovljena je i naknada za sudjelovanje sa 20 na 10 franaka. Sve to
rezultiralo je rađanjem Tour de Francea.
U Marseilleu, Touloiseu, Bordeauxu, Nantesu i na cilju, u Parizu,
biciklizam je promatrao veliki broj ljudi. Oči su prije bile uprte na
Morisa Garina, talijana, koji je dominirao tokom cjele utrke i na kraju
prošao prvi kroz cilj.
U ono vrijeme, Garin je bio čuveni biciklist jer se prije trijumfa u Touru
okitio i vjencima pobjednika na još dvije, tada čuvene utrke. Kao
rijetko koji šampion, on je pobjeđivao drugoplasiranog Renea Potiera,
ostavljajući ga iza sebe gotovo čitava tri sata.
Tokom vremena, biciklisti su se sve bolje pripremali za napore koji
ih očekuju na Touru, pa se smanjivalo vrijeme za koje su se prolazile
etape. Naravno, svemu tome doprinjeo je i razvoj tehnologije, samim tim i usavršavanja bicikala.
1905., uvodi se timsko nastupanje biciklista. Osnivači timova bili su uglavnom čuveni proizvođači dvokolica ili dijelova.

Vuelta a España



From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia




Vuelta a EspañaRace detailsDateRegionEnglish nameLocal name(s)Nickname(s)DisciplineCompetitionTypeOrganiserRace directorHistoryFirst editionEditionsFirst winnerMost winsMost recent

Tony Rominger in the Golden Jersey

September (since 1995)

Spain

Tour of Spain

Vuelta Ciclista a España (Spanish)

The Vuelta

Road

UCI ProTour

Grand Tour

Unipublic

Víctor Cordero

1935

62 (as of 2007)

Gustaaf Deloor

Tony Rominger Roberto Heras (3 wins)

Denis Menchov

The Vuelta a España (English: Tour of Spain) is a three-week road bicycle racing stage race that is one of the three "Grand Tours" of Europe and part of the UCI ProTour circuit.



History


First held in 1935 and annually since 1955, the Vuelta runs for three weeks in a changing route across Spain.
The inaugural event (1935) saw 50 entrants face a 3,411 km (2,119 mi.)
course over only 14 stages, averaging over 240km (149 mi.) per stage.
It was inspired by the success of the Tours in France and Italy, and
the boost they brought to the circulations of their sponsoring newspapers (L'Auto and La Gazzetta dello Sport respectively); Juan Pujol of the daily Informaciones instigated the race to increase his circulation.
It was formerly held in the spring, but since 1995
the race has been run in September. The course includes two individual
time trials. The finish of the Vuelta is traditionally the Spanish
capital, Madrid.
In 1999, for the first time, the course crossed the Alto de El Angliru in Asturias, which climbs 1,573 meters (5,160 feet) over 12.9 km (8 mi.) with grades as steep as 23.6 percent (at Cueña les Cabres)
making it one of the steepest in Europe. Credit for the discovery of
this climb and its addition to the Vuelta goes to Miguel Prieto.
The overall leader wears the 'Jersey de Oro' (a Golden Jersey)—the Spanish counterpart to the yellow jersey of the Tour de France. Other jerseys honour the best climber (King of the Mountains) and the best sprinter (points competition) [awarded a blue with yellow fish jersey that is sponsored by Spain's fishing and marine industry]. Usually there are other cycling jerseys awarded, such as for points leaders in the "Metas Volantes"
(intermediate sprints) and for the combination category (a point system
that honours the best rider in combined totals for best overall, points
and mountains classification).
The record for most wins is held jointly by Switzerland's Tony Rominger, who won three consecutive Vueltas in 1992, 1993 and 1994; and Roberto Heras of Spain, winner in 2000, 2003 and 2004. Heras also won the 2005 event, but was disqualified for a doping
offense. Spaniards have dominated, winning 26 of the 57 runnings of the
Vuelta. France, Belgium, Italy, Germany, the Netherlands, Colombia,
Ireland (Sean Kelly in 1988), Russia and most recently Kazakhstan have
also had first place finishers.

2004 event


Main article: 2004 Vuelta a España


The 2004 Vuelta a España
was won by Roberto Heras. Halfway through the 2004 Vuelta, it appeared
it would become an easy win for Heras, but in the last week his fellow
countryman Santiago Pérez won two heavy mountain stages, thus becoming an important rival. Eventually Heras won with only 30 seconds advantage on Pérez. Francisco Mancebo, also from Spain took third. The first non-Spaniard was Stefano Garzelli from Italy in 11th. The points jersey was won by Erik Zabel from Germany, the mountain jersey was won by Félix Cárdenas from Colombia and the combination jersey was won by Roberto Heras. Kelme was the winner of the team ranking. Alessandro Petacchi, an Italian sprinter won four stages, but he didn't finish the Vuelta. Pérez Fernández won three stages.

2005 event


Main article: 2005 Vuelta a España


The 2005 Vuelta was won originally by Roberto Heras becoming the
first four-time winner. Two months after the end of the race, Vuelta
officials announced Roberto tested positive for the banned
"blood-boosting" drug EPO.
The positive tests were from urine samples taken before the start of
Stage 20. He was then disqualified from the Vuelta and the victory was
awarded to Denis Menchov from Russia.
Menchov originally won the lead after the time trial, and did not let
Heras escape until the last of the great mountain stages. At that
stage, Heras had multiple strong team members leading in a breakaway,
and used these to build a large lead once he managed to escape Menchov.
Menchov was significantly handicapped by having a much weaker team,
which was not able to help minimize the time loss to Heras.

Giro d'Italia



From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia



Jump to: navigation, search

Giro d'ItaliaRace detailsDateRegionEnglish nameLocal name(s)DisciplineCompetitionTypeOrganiserHistoryFirst editionEditionsFirst winnerMost winsMost recent

The 90°Giro d'Italia logo

May-June

Italy

Tour of Italy

Giro d'Italia (Italian)

Road

UCI ProTour

Grand Tour

RCS Sport

1909

90 (as of 2007)

Luigi Ganna

5 wins: Alfredo Binda Fausto Coppi Eddy Merckx

Danilo Di Luca

The Giro d'Italia (Tour of Italy), also simply known as the Giro, is a long distance road bicycle racing stage race for professional cyclists held over three weeks in May or early June in and around Italy. It is, like the Tour de France, one of the most important stage races in the world. The most recent winner (2007) is Danilo Di Luca.

Contents 1 History 2 Jerseys 2.1 Most wins 2.1.1 Overall (maglia rosa) 2.1.2 King of the mountains (maglia verde) 2.1.3 Points Competition (maglia ciclamino) 2.2 Youth Competition (maglia bianca) 3 List of overall winners 4 Giro d'Italia stage victories 5 See also 6 References 7 External links

History


The Giro was inspired by the Tour de France and, just as the French race was intended to boost circulation of L'Auto, so Emilio Camillo Costamagna, the editor of La Gazzetta dello Sport newspaper, aimed to increase his circulation. The first Giro d'Italia started on May 13, 1909 at Milan with eight stages totalling 2,448 kilometres (1,521 miles). Luigi Ganna was the first winner.
Along with the Tour de France and the World Cycling Championship, the Giro d'Italia makes up the Triple Crown of Cycling. Along with the Tour de France and the Vuelta a España it is one of the three Grand Tours.

Jerseys


Whereas the overall leader of the Tour de France is awarded a yellow jersey (originally to correspond with L'Auto 's yellow pages), since 1931 the overall leader in the Giro sports the maglia rosa (pink jersey), which corresponds with La Gazzetta dello Sport 's pink newsprint. The "King of the Mountains" wears the maglia verde (green jersey). The leader of the points classification wears the maglia ciclamino (mauve jersey), the best young rider wear the maglia bianca (white jersey).

The maglia rosa from the 88th edition of the race in 2005.





Italian Felice Gimondi
holds the record for the most podium finishes: nine in total,
consisting of three victories, two second places and four third place
finishes.

Most wins


The following riders have won the most final jerseys:

Overall (maglia rosa)


The maglia rosa, or pink jersey, are held throughout the race by the
cyclist who at the start of each stage has the lowest overall time up
to that point of the giro. The holder often change from day to day, but
due to the glory and big exposure for the team and the individual who
holds the jersey, the teams often makes a lot of effort to keep the
jersey within the team. The cyclist with the lowest time at the end of
the giros last stage wins the Giro. This is similar as the Yellow
jersey, Maillot Jaune, used in the Tour de France.

• 5 wins: Alfredo Binda (1925, 1927, 1928, 1929, 1933), Fausto Coppi (1940, 1947, 1949, 1952, 1953), Eddy Merckx (1968, 1970, 1972, 1973, 1974)
  
• 3 wins: Giovanni Brunero (1921, 1922, 1926), Gino Bartali (1936, 1937, 1946), Fiorenzo Magni (1948, 1951, 1955), Bernard Hinault (1980, 1982, 1985), Felice Gimondi (1967, 1969, 1976)
  

King of the mountains (maglia verde)


Points are given to the rider who is first to reach the top of, or
determined places during, any classified climb throughout the giro. The
number of points given, vary according to the hill classification,
determined by the steepness and length of that particular hill. Points
are also given to the first following riders, how many varies. The
green jersey is worn by the rider who at the start of each stage, has
the largest amount of climbing points. The rider whom at the end of the
giro, holds the most points, wins the climbing competition.This is the
same as the Polka dot jersey of the Tour de France. In 2007 it was won by Leonardo Piepoli.

• 7 wins: Gino Bartali
  
• 4 wins: José Manuel Fuente
  
• 3 wins: Claudio Chiappucci, Claudio Bortolotto, Franco Bitossi, Fausto Coppi
  

Points Competition (maglia ciclamino)


Points are given to the rider who is first to reach the end of, or
determined places during, any stage of the giro. The number of points
given, vary accordingly to how hard the stage is, determined by the
length and number of hills, size of hills etc. in that particular
stage. Points are also given to the first following riders, how many
varies. The jersey is worn by the rider who at the start of each stage,
has the largest amount of points. The rider whom at the end of the
giro, holds the most points, wins the points competition. This
competition is most often won by specialized sprinters who seldom has a
chance in the overall competition. This is the same as the green
jersey, maillot vert, of the Tour de France. The 2007 winner was Alessandro Petacchi.

• 4 wins: Francesco Moser, Giuseppe Saronni
  
• 3 wins: Mario Cipollini, Roger De Vlaeminck, Johan Van der Velde
  

ahahah a zaboravio si i Tour De Serbia.....jos malo nadamo se pa ce i da postane jedan od vecih u svetu!!! hehe 8)